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Word Not Suit
Directions (Q.1-10) In the passage given below there are 10 blanks, each followed by a word given in bold. Even blank has four alternative words given in options (1),(2),(3) and (4). You have to tell which word will not suit the respective blank. Mark (5) as your answer if all words are suitable.
The best scientific research is not necessarily published in the most popular ________(1) journals, and history has many examples to prove this. In 1986, when J. Georg Bednorz and K. Alex Müller made a breakthrough with their discovery of high temperature superconductivity in a ceramic material, they did not publish their results in the ________(2) journals. They chose to publish in a journal that was not very well known: Zeitschrift für Physik B. Their discovery was awarded the Nobel prize in 1987. In many cases, this is not a matter of choice. Lynn Margulis’s efforts to publish her influential 1967 paper, “On the origin of mitosing cells”, were remarkable: The paper was rejected by 12 journals before being accepted by the Journal of Theoretical Biology. Now, it is considered the work that brought to focus the endosymbiotic theory of organelle origins. This is the theory that mitochondria, the power houses of cells, were initially independent free-living cells and they got into a symbiotic relationship with larger cellular beings to form a new organism. Originally _______(3) by microbiologist Ivan Wallin in the 1920s, the theory needed Margulis’s ______(4) to gain acceptance. Personal _______(5) can also nudge a piece of scientific work towards lesser-known journals. The landmark paper of Ronald A. Fisher, “The correlation between relatives on the ________(6) of Mendelian inheritance”, has been so influential that geneticists are celebrating the centenary of its publication this year. It was initially submitted to the Royal Society of London. It was withdrawn following _______(7) delay and unfavourable reviews and was finally published in the Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. “The paper ______(8) the foundations of the field of quantitative genetics,” says evolutionary biologist Amitabh Joshi of JNCASR, Bengaluru. Some important work from Russian groups was neglected because the work either never appeared in western journals or appeared only much later in translation. “One example is the work of Vadim Berezinskii on two-dimensional phase transitions, which appeared two years before the work of John M. Kosterlitz and David J. Thouless,” says biophysicist Gautam Menon of the Institute of Mathematical Sciences, Chennai. “It was referred to as the KT transition, and both [Kosterlitz and Thouless] were awarded the Nobel prize close to four decades later. By then Berezinskii had died, so could not have received the prize, although the ________(9) is now increasingly referred to as the BKT transition in his honour.”
The lesson that these cases _______(10) is that it is easy to miss important scientific works, if only the name of the journal in which they are published is considered a marker of their consequence. History suggests that it is better to judge papers by their content.
- 1. conventional
2. established
3. mainstream
4. dominant
5. All are correctAnswer : 4)
Explanation :
Dominant – having power and influence over others. - 1. coveted
2. popular
3. sought-after
4. preferred
5. All are correctAnswer : 5)
Explanation :
All words are correct - 1. proposed
2. adduced
3. kibitzed
4. propositioned
5. All are correctAnswer : 3)
Explanation :
Kibitzed – speak informally; chat. - 1. chutzpah
2. tenacity
3. doggedness
4. firmness
5. All are correctAnswer : 1)
Explanation :
Chutzpah – extreme self-confidence or audacity,nearly arrogant - 1. bigotry
2. chauvinism
3. bias
4. preference
5. All are correctAnswer : 2)
Explanation :
Chauvinism – exaggerated or aggressive patriotism - 1. supposition
2. conjecture
3. hypothesis
4. hunch
5. All are correctAnswer : 4)
Explanation :
Hunch – a feeling or guess based on intuition rather than fact which is about to happen - 1. unreasonable
2. inordinate
3. extreme
4. repetitive
5. All are correctAnswer : 4)
Explanation :
Repetitive – containing or characterized by repetition, especially when unnecessary or tiresome. - 1. put down
2. laid
3. established
4. placed
5. All are correctAnswer : 5)
Explanation :
All words are correct - 1. transition
2. flux
3. progression
4. change
5. All are correctAnswer : 2)
Explanation :
Flux – the action or process of flowing or flowing out. - 1. emphasize
2. underscore
3. accentuate
4. exalt
5. All are correctAnswer : 4)
Explanation :
Exalt – raise to a higher rank or position.
